Time-Restricted Eating

Transcript

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Nursing 504

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Time-Restricted Eating

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To reverse Metabolic Syndrome?

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Literature Review

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Emilia Piwowarczyk, RN BsCN

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What is:

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Metabolic

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Syndrome

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Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a health disorder That:

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Increases Risk of: diabetes Cardiovascular disease hypertension, chronic kidney disease dyslipidemia PCOS Certain Cancers

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To Diagnose MetS

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Must Have Central Obesity

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Any of  these 2  factors

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Raised Triglycerides Decreased HDL Raised BP Raised Fasting plasma glucose

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Effectively treating MetS is critical to prevent progression to chronic diseases

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meds are frequently used for underlying conditions

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It Does Not address the common root cause

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Insulin Resistance

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In Canada 1 in 5 adults have MetS age > 65 yrs 40% have MetS 63% of Canadians are overweight or obese

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These conditions can only be reversed through Diet & Exercise

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(Metabolic Syndrome Canada)

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Some patients struggle with generic advise to "eat healthy & Exercise"

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Lack of direction from Health Provider

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This can be because: 

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Expensive &  Time Consuming

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Watching patients struggle with Chronic Conditions from MetS made me wonder: is there an easy alternative intervention ?

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So The Research Problem: What Is an unexplored free & Easy intervention? How about Time-Restricted Eating?

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What is Time-Restricted Eating?

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It is a type of Intermittent Fasting that involves consistently restricting eating to an 8 - 10 hour/day Without restricting caloric intake

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We all Fast when we sleep

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Time-Restricting Eating Stretches the fasting window from 14 - 16 hours to activate the Metabolic Switch:

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Where the body switches from using glucose from food for energy To using the bodies stored fat for energy

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A literature Scope uncovered a Gap: Very few studies on Time-Restricted Eating to reverse Metabolic Syndrome Have been done in Canada

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My Research Question: How Effective is Time-Restricted Eating in Reversing Chronic Conditions of Metabolic Syndrome in  Canadian Adults (age 18-70)?

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PubMed & CINAHL were searched: 9 Articles were selected from 2018-2022

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Time-Restricted Eating for MetS has had promising outcomes within literature review (with more research needing to  be done)

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Outcomes (vary by study)

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Decreased triglycerides fasting glucose fat mass / body weight morning ghrelin mean 24-h glucose blood pressure plasma cholesterol

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Increased Adherence fat Oxidation Insulin Sensitivity Beta Cell Responsiveness

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Change B.C. (2022). Haida Gwaii, Houston, Smithers and Terrace introduce the CHANGE Program into BC. Change British Columbia. https://www.changebc.net/haida-gwaii-houston-smithers-and-terrace-introduce-change-program-bc Alberti, K. G. M., Zimmet, P., & Shaw, J. (2005). The metabolic syndrome—A new worldwide definition. The Lancet, 366(9491), 1059–1062. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67402-8 Borgundvaag, E., Mak, J., & Kramer, C. K. (2021). Metabolic Impact of Intermittent Fasting in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Interventional Studies. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 106(3), 902–911. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa926 Isenmann, E., Dissemond, J., & Geisler, S. (2021). The Effects of a Macronutrient-Based Diet and Time-Restricted Feeding (16:8) on Body Composition in Physically Active Individuals—A 14-Week Randomised Controlled Trial. Nutrients, 13(9), 3122. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13093122 Jamshed, H., Beyl, R. A., Della Manna, D. L., Yang, E. S., Ravussin, E., & Peterson, C. M. (2019). Early Time-Restricted Feeding Improves 24-Hour Glucose Levels and Affects Markers of the Circadian Clock, Aging, and Autophagy in Humans. Nutrients, 11(6), 1234. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11061234 Li, C., Xing, C., Zhang, J., Zhao, H., Shi, W., & He, B. (2021). Eight-hour time-restricted feeding improves endocrine and metabolic profiles in women with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome. Journal of Translational Medicine, 19(1), 148. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-021-02817-2 Liu, L., Chen, W., Wu, D., & Hu, F. (2022). Metabolic Efficacy of Time-Restricted Eating in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, dgac570. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgac570 Manoogian, E. N. C., Chow, L. S., Taub, P. R., Laferrère, B., & Panda, S. (2022). Time-restricted Eating for the Prevention and Management of Metabolic Diseases. Endocrine Reviews, 43(2), 405–436. https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnab027 Moon, S., Kang, J., Kim, S. H., Chung, H. S., Kim, Y. J., Yu, J. M., Cho, S. T., Oh, C.-M., & Kim, T. (2020). Beneficial Effects of Time-Restricted Eating on Metabolic Diseases: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients, 12(5), 1267. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12051267 Moro, T., Tinsley, G., Pacelli, F. Q., Marcolin, G., Bianco, A., & Paoli, A. (2021). Twelve Months of Time-restricted Eating and Resistance Training Improve Inflammatory Markers and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Publish Ahead of Print. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002738 O′Driscoll, T., Minty, R., Poirier, D., Poirier, J., Hopman, W., Willms, H., Goertzen, A., Madden, S., & Kelly, L. (2021). New obesity treatment: Fasting, exercise and low carb diet - The NOT-FED study. Canadian Journal of Rural Medicine, 26(2), 55. https://doi.org/10.4103/CJRM.CJRM_1_20 Riediger, N. D., & Clara, I. (2011). Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Canadian adult population. CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal, 183(15), e1127–e1134. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.110070 Sutton, E. F., Beyl, R., Early, K. S., Cefalu, W. T., Ravussin, E., & Peterson, C. M. (2018). Early Time-Restricted Feeding Improves Insulin Sensitivity, Blood Pressure, and Oxidative Stress Even without Weight Loss in Men with Prediabetes. Cell Metabolism, 27(6), 1212-1221.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2018.04.010 Vogel, L. (2017). Overweight or overfat? Many Canadians are both. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 189(37), E1202–E1203. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.109-5472 Welton, S., Minty, R., O’Driscoll, T., Willms, H., Poirier, D., Madden, S., & Kelly, L. (2020). Intermittent fasting and weight loss: Systematic review. Canadian Family Physician, 66(2), 117–125. Wilkinson, M. J., Manoogian, E. N. C., Zadourian, A., Lo, H., Fakhouri, S., Shoghi, A., Wang, X., Fleischer, J. G., Navlakha, S., Panda, S., & Taub, P. R. (2020). Ten-Hour Time-Restricted Eating Reduces Weight, Blood Pressure, and Atherogenic Lipids in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome. Cell Metabolism, 31(1), 92-104.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2019.11.004