What is hypoglycemia?

Transcript

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What is Hypoglycemia?

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Hypoglycemia is defined as having abnormally low levels of glucose in the blood and it mainly affects people with diabetes.

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Hypoglycaemia can be caused by...

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Excessive insulin

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Exercise

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Alcohol

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Timing of taking the insulin

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People with Type 1 Diabetes 

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- Cannot secrete insulin due to defects in beta cells Hence rely on exogenous insulin

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- Alpha cells become impaired with a longer onset of disease.  Resulting a loss of physiological glucagon response 

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- Hence, they rely on sympathetic nervous sytem to release  adrenaline and noradrenaline to counteract hypoglycaemia

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Ventromedial Hypothalamus

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Low blood glucose = Low brain glucose  

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Sympathetic nervous system -> neurologic symptoms

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Neurologic symptoms

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Confusion

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Palpitations

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Sweating

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Hunger

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Repeated hypoglycemic episodes leads to a diminished ability to percieve the onset of hypoglycemia

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Prompt to increase blood glucose levels

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Increased risk of severe hypoglycemia 

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This is referred to as having an 

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IMPAIRED AWARENESS  OF  HYPOGLYCEMIA